Issues in biochemical applications to risk assessment: how do we evaluate individual components of multistage models?

Issues in biochemical applications to risk assessment: how do we evaluate individual components of multistage models?

Issues in biochemical applications to risk assessment: how do we predict toxicity of complex mixtures?

Predicting the toxicity of mixtures is an important current problem, and I'll talk about my personal view of the matter. I think that there are two broad classes of mixtures, one of which is the disposal mixtures: things that go into dump sites. These are highly variable from one site to another, since they depend on specific industrial operations, and it's difficult to extrapolate from site to...

Issues of biochemical applications to risk assessment: how should the MTD be selected for chronic bioassays?

a question that read, "How should the MTD be selected for chronic bioassays?" As a prelude, the response to the question warrants a brief review of the historical evolution of this issue. Table 1 is a summary of the historical chronology by which the dose selection process has evolved over the past 30 years. In the early to mid-1950s, the major emphasis was in the evaluation of chronic organ to...

How Do We Evaluate Artificial Immune Systems?

The field of Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) concerns the study and development of computationally interesting abstractions of the immune system. This survey tracks the development of AIS since its inception, and then attempts to make an assessment of its usefulness, defined in terms of 'distinctiveness' and 'effectiveness.' In this paper, the standard types of AIS are examined--Negative Select...

Can we do something in early life to reduce the risk of obesity?

Obesity usually results from a combination of several modifiable and non-modifiable contributing factors, such as genetics, race, and socioeconomic status. Other factors, including birth by cesarean section, perinatal antibiotics usage, and promotion of exclusive breastfeeding for six months, could be potentially prevented or modulated. However, one of the factors can be easily implemented thro...